All about electrically insulating plastics: insulation and applications
What are electrically insulating plastics?
Electrically insulating plastics are non-conductors that prevent the flow of electric current and thereby act as insulators. They offer a high dielectric strength and low electrical conductivity.
GOBA processes insulating plastics as polyester films and insulation materials for the electrical industry.
How are electrically insulating plastics manufactured?
Manufacturing takes place via specialized polymerization techniques. Additives such as ceramics or glass fibres reinforce mechanical properties and environmental resistance.
Examples of electrically insulating plastics
- Polyimide (PI): Heat-resistant and mechanically stable
- Polycarbonate (PC): Impact-resistant and electrically insulating
- Polyethylene terephthalate (PET): Good electrical and thermal properties
How does electrical insulation work?
Electrical insulation prevents current flow through an insulating barrier. The electrical conductivity is measured in Siemens per metre. Electrically insulating plastics have an extremely low conductivity, often in the range of 10⁻¹⁵ S/m.
What applications do electrically insulating plastics have?
Electrical engineering
- Printed circuit boards as insulators
- Cable insulation
- Transformers with high surface leakage current resistance
Industry
- Motors (stators/rotors)
- Generators
Medical technology
- Safety insulation in sensitive devices
Examples
- High-voltage Insulation
- Electrically insulating enclosures
What are the advantages of electrically insulating plastics?
- High dielectric strength
- Low electrical conductivity
- High surface leakage current resistance
- Resistance to thermal and mechanical loads
- Durability against contamination and environmental influences
How do you select the right electrically insulating plastic?
Key factors
- Electrical properties (dielectric strength, conductivity)
- Mechanical strength
- Temperature resistance
- Specific area of application
Material comparison
- Polyimide: Excellent for high temperatures
- Polycarbonate: Mechanically robust, less heat-resistant
- PTFE: Resistant to chemicals and temperatures
GOBA Takeaway
Electrically insulating plastics are indispensable for safe and efficient electrical systems. They combine dielectric strength, thermal stability and mechanical resistance. The right material choice depends on the specific requirements of the application.